Copy Fail (CVE-2026-31431): Why a Small Linux Kernel Bug Became a Serious Root Escalation Risk
Date: May 2, 2026 Author: 67 AI Lab Classification: Public Technical Insight Executive Summary CVE-2026-31431, also known as Copy Fail, is a high-severity local privilege escalation flaw in the Linux kernel’s crypto subsystem. The bug lives in algif_aead, part of the AF_ALG userspace crypto interface, and traces back to an in-place optimization introduced in 2017. What makes this vulnerability unusually important is not just that it yields root, but that public analysis describes the exploit path as deterministic, compact, and cross-distribution. By chaining AF_ALG with splice(), an unprivileged local user can achieve a controlled 4-byte overwrite in page cache for a readable file. In practice, that is enough to corrupt the in-memory image of a setuid binary such as /usr/bin/su and obtain a root shell. ...